Sigiriya, also known as the “Lion Rock”, is an impressive historical site in central Sri Lanka and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here are some interesting facts about Sigiriya:
History and significance of Sigiriya
Sigiriya was the residence of King Kassapa I in the 5th century AD, who built the massive rock as a fortress and palace. However, the site had already been used as a Buddhist monastery before that.
Liongate
The name “Sigiriya” means “Lion Rock” and refers to the monumental entrance to the palace, which was led through the paws of a giant lion. Only the lion’s feet are still preserved, while the rest of the sculpture has been destroyed.
Rock paintings and mirror wall
Halfway up the rock are well-preserved frescoes depicting “cloud girls”. These ornate murals depict women who probably represent goddesses or royal ladies. A polished wall, which was once so smooth that it could be used as a mirror, stretches along the path to the summit. Today, old graffiti from visitors from different eras can be seen on this wall. Photographing the paintings is prohibited, but postcards and paintings are available to buy.
The palace
The palace of King Kassapa was located at the top of the 200 metre high rock. Today, only the ruins remain, including cisterns, throne seats and water reservoirs. On the rock you can see the Ceylon hat monkeys, which are only native to Sri Lanka.
Water gardens
At the foot of the rock are elaborately designed water gardens and terraces that utilise an advanced irrigation system. They are one of the oldest examples of landscape design in Asia. But be careful, because sometimes crocodiles can be found in the water and elephants on the grounds.
View
From the top of the rock, you have a breathtaking view over the surrounding forests and the Sri Lankan highlands.
Conclusion
Sigiriya is not only an archaeological wonder, but also one of Sri Lanka’s most famous sights, attracting thousands of visitors every year. Especially during sunrise, it is worth being there at 5 a.m. and starting the ascent in order to arrive at the top on time. After the descent, don’t forget to make a stop at the museum. There we learnt a lot about the history and life of the people on the Lion Rock. But the place and its surroundings have even more to offer. You can find out more in our article on Sigiriya – More than just a lion rock.
